The Challenges to Nation-Building

in Afghanistan continues ........

The levels of centralization/decentralization of power and electoral

systems need to be set up with an eye to manage relations between minority and majority ethnic groups.

Along with representation, political stability and nation-building are major issues for determining the appropriate type of electoral system. Barriers for effective representation of ethnic minorities become lower with a more accurate translation of votes cast in the allocation of parliamentary seats.

In proportional representation, the composition closely matches the demographic distribution of the electorate and their interests and viewpoints.

Proportional electoral systems are desirable for empowering underrepresented groups such as ethnic minorities and women and increase opportunities for the inclusion of smaller parties in the legislature and power sharing arrangements.

Elections also serve as a clear milestone

for internationally managed peace agreements, signifying a watershed often characterized by the reduction and ultimate termination of multifaceted filed operation. Post-conflict elections are meant not only for cessation of hostilities but also for the formation of a new government. The aim of a successful election is to contribute to national unity and reconciliation by serving as part of the political process of terminating an armed conflict. All these options have been falteringly adopted in Afghanistan.

To be continued....