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Analytical Brief on Climate Ambition and Sustainability Action: Discussion paper by National Maritime Foundation, India – December 2020 (https://worldsdf.org/research/)
With rapid urbanization it is likely that human dwelling-concentrations will increasingly extend to low-lying areas of the coast. India’s coastal regions are densely populated, with the growth rate of both, population and urbanization, accelerating. Groups most at risk in a typical Indian city areslum dwellers, squatters and migrants. These include workers in the industrial and informal service sectors; whose occupations frequently place them at significant risk from natural hazards. More often than not, these groups live in traditional and informal settlements, often in locations that are extremely vulnerable to a variety of social and economic risks that are exacerbated by additional stressors such as climate change. Traditional and informal housing, for instance, is especially vulnerable to wind, water and geological hazards.
It is reliably estimated that the number of people living in Low-Elevation Coastal Zones (LECZ)[1], as also the total number of people exposed to climate change-related events such as flooding and storm surge events (1-in-100-year return period) are the highest in Asia; and coastal populations of India, China, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Vietnam are expected to have the highest exposure. In fact, available research findings indicate that India could experience a three-fold increase of its LECZ population between the baseline year 2000 (64 million; 6.1% of its total population) and the year 2060 (216 million; 10.3% of its total population) under a high-growth scenario.[2]
By Chime Youdon, Associate Fellow, National Maritime Foundation
Read more: https://worldsdf.org/research/urban-coastal-vulnerability-building-climate-resilience-in-india/