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Global Terror Infrastructure and Implications for India continues...
In 1994, the General Assembly called attention to the growing connection between drug traffickers and mercenaries. Recalling these resolutions, the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing Terrorism was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 9 December 1999 without a vote.
India has been the victim of state-sponsored terrorism for the last two decades. There is no doubt that the Pakistan Government in collaboration with the ISI uses proceeds of illicit narcotic drugs and small arms trade to fund terrorism in India. Pakistan also aims to create ethnic division in the social fabric of the country by exploiting the religious sentiments and economic backwardness of Muslims in the bordering states of Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Assam, Nagaland, Manipur and other states.
Hawala is a system through which money is transferred from one part of the world to another without following the normal banking channels.
This system has been in existence for a long time in India and other Asian countries. Some Hawala operators feel that it is an extension of the ‘Hundi’ system of money transfer that came into existence during the Mughal rule in India. This was started by the Sindhi community to avoid dacoity and highway robberies during money transfers. Later, sometime around World War II, Muslims going from Kerala to the Persian Gulf adopted the system of giving a coded message sent by post to deliver the money to people in Kerala. Since the Indian rupee was legal tender in the entire region, the transaction did not suffer from cross-currency exchange rates.
With the revolution in communications, messages through post got replaced by telephone and later by fax; and, now by e-mail. In the process, the scope of Hawala transactions got enlarged.
According to one account, Hawala in Urdu means “reference” and in Arabic means “trust,” is in fact an unauthorized underground banking system used by people from different walks of life for a variety of reasons.
to be continued...
( This account is maintained by Har Anand Publication)